Duho is a proposed

language family A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ''ancestral language'' or ''parental language'', called the proto-language of that family. The term "family" reflects the tree model of language origination in hist ...

of South America, uniting two proposed genetic groupings, Hodi–SalibanRosés Labrada, J. E. 2015. Is Jodï a Sáliban Language? In: Workshop on historical relationships among languages of the Americas. Leiden, 2-5th September 2015, Universiteit Leiden. and Ticuna–Yuri. This language stock was proposed by Marcelo Jolkesky (2016), based on his previous but now disclaimed Macro-Daha stock which had also included the

Andoque–Urequena languages Andoque–Urequena is a language family that consists of a pair of languages, Andoque and Urequena. The close relationship of Urequena to Andoque was first recognized by Marcelo Jolkesky.Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho De Valhery. 2016. Estudo arqueo-e ...

.Jolkesky, Marcelo. 2009.
Macro-Daha: reconstrução de um tronco lingüístico do noroeste amazônico
'. ROSAE - I Congresso Internacional de Lingüística Histórica, 26-29 July 2009. Zamponi (2017) concludes that the similarities between Saliban and Hodɨ appear to be due to contact, but that a distant genealogical relationship between Betoi and Sáliban is plausible though not demonstrated. He does not address Ticuna–Yuri.

Prehistory

Jolkesky (2016) suggests that the homeland of Proto-Duho was in the

Serranía de Chiribiquete The Serranía de Chiribiquete or Chiribiquete Mountains are a group of isolated table mountains in the Amazon Region of Colombia. The mountains are part of the western edge of the Guiana Shield. The area is protected as a national park. This are ...

Language contact

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with

Chibchan languages The Chibchan languages (also Chibchan, Chibchano) make up a language family indigenous to the Isthmo-Colombian Area, which extends from eastern Honduras to northern Colombia and includes populations of these countries as well as Nicaragua, Costa ...

due to contact, which may point to the earlier presence of Chibchan speakers in the

Orinoco The Orinoco () is one of the longest rivers in South America at . Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers , with 76.3 percent of it in Venezuela and the remainder in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the wor ...

basin.

Classification

Internal classification of the Duho language family by Jolkesky (2016):Jolkesky, M. 2016.
Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas
'. Brasilia: UnB. PhD Dissertation. ;Duho *Tikuna-Yuri **'' Karabayo'' **''

Tikuna The Ticuna (also Magüta, Tucuna, Tikuna, or Tukuna) are an indigenous people of Brazil (36,000'')'', Colombia (6,000), and Peru (7,000). They are the most numerous tribe in the Brazilian Amazon. History The Ticuna were originally a tribe that ...

'' **''

Yuri Yuri may refer to: People and fictional characters Given name *Yuri (Slavic name), the Slavic masculine form of the given name George, including a list of people with the given name Yuri, Yury, etc. *Yuri (Japanese name), also Yūri, feminine Jap ...

'' † *Saliba-Hodi **'' Hodi'' **Saliba-Betoi ***'' Betoi'' † ***Saliba-Piaroa ****'' Saliba'' ****Piaroa-Mako *****'' Ature'' † *****''

Mako , better known by the mononym name Mako (sometimes stylised MAKO), is a Japanese voice actress, singer and a member of the band Bon-Bon Blanco, in which her prominent role is as the maraca player. She has also performed in a Japanese television d ...

'' *****''

Piaroa The Piaroa people, known among themselves as the ''Huottüja'' or ''De'aruhua'', are a pre-Columbian South American indigenous ethnic group of the middle Orinoco Basin in present-day Colombia and Venezuela, living in an area larger than Belgium, ...

Pronouns

Jolkesky's Duho languages have shared forms in ''*ʧ'' for "I", ''*kʷ'' for "you" and ''*t'' for "we", which are found in all languages. :

Lexicon

Several basic words in Duho languages appear to be related. The following examples are given, with further parallels in Sape: :

References

* Jolkesky, M. 2016.
Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas
'. Brasilia: UnB. PhD Dissertation. * Zamponi, R. 2017 (2018)
Betoi-Jirara, Sáliban, and Hodɨ: relationships among three linguistic lineages of the mid-Orinoco region
''Anthropological Linguistics'' 59: 263-321. {{DEFAULTSORT:Duho languages Proposed language families Indigenous languages of South America